Re: [AUDITORY] Sensitivity to ITDs with mismatched frequencies in each ear? ("Bernstein,Leslie" )


Subject: Re: [AUDITORY] Sensitivity to ITDs with mismatched frequencies in each ear?
From:    "Bernstein,Leslie"  <lbernstein@xxxxxxxx>
Date:    Thu, 25 Feb 2021 14:49:32 +0000

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class=3D"citation">I suggest these as well:<br= > <br> Neutzel JM, Hafter ER. Lateralization of complex waveforms: Spectral effect= s.<span>&nbsp;</span><span><span class=3D"ref-journal" style=3D"font-style:= italic;">Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.<span>&nbsp;</span><= /span>1981;<span class=3D"ref-vol">69</span>:1112=A8C1118.</span><span>&nbs= p;</span><span class=3D"nowrap" style=3D"white-space: nowrap;">[<a href=3D"= https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?journal=3DJournal&#43;of&#43;the&= #43;Acoustical&#43;Society&#43;of&#43;America&amp;title=3DLateralization&#4= 3;of&#43;complex&#43;waveforms:&#43;Spectral&#43;effects&amp;author=3DJM&#4= 3;Neutzel&amp;author=3DER&#43;Hafter&amp;volume=3D69&amp;publication_year= =3D1981&amp;pages=3D1112-1118&amp;" role=3D"button" aria-expanded=3D"false"= aria-haspopup=3D"true" target=3D"_blank" style=3D"color: rgb(47, 74, 139);= ">Google Scholar</a>]<br> <br> Binaural beats at high frequencies: Listeners=A1=AF use of envelope=A9\base= d interaural temporal and intensitive disparities<br> Leslie R. Bernstein and Constantine Trahiotis The Journal of the Acoustical= Society of America 99, 1670 (1996); <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-freetext" href=3D"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.414689= ">https://doi.org/10.1121/1.414689</a><br> <br> Detectability of interaural delay in high=A9\frequency complex waveforms<br= > The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 55, 84 (1974); <a class=3D= "moz-txt-link-freetext" href=3D"https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1928135"> https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1928135</a><br> G. Bruce Henning&nbsp; (SEE FIGURE 10)<br> <br> Les<br> <br> <br> </span></span></font><font face=3D"Verdana"></font><br> <div class=3D"moz-cite-prefix">On 2/25/2021 12:31 AM, Alan Kan wrote:<br> </div> <blockquote type=3D"cite" cite=3D"mid:SYCPR01MB4255E2912D2C602C52C8C297CE9F= 9@xxxxxxxx"> <meta name=3D"Generator" content=3D"Microsoft Word 15 (filtered=0A= medium)"> <!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}=0A= o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}=0A= w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}=0A= .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}=0A= </style><![endif]--><style>@xxxxxxxx=0A= {font-family:"Cambria Math";=0A= panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}@xxxxxxxx=0A= {font-family:Calibri;=0A= panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}@xxxxxxxx=0A= {font-family:Corbel;=0A= panose-1:2 11 5 3 2 2 4 2 2 4;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal=0A= {margin:0cm;=0A= margin-bottom:.0001pt;=0A= font-size:11.0pt;=0A= font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}a:link, span.MsoHyperlink=0A= {mso-style-priority:99;=0A= color:blue;=0A= text-decoration:underline;}a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed=0A= {mso-style-priority:99;=0A= color:purple;=0A= text-decoration:underline;}p.msonormal0, li.msonormal0, div.msonormal0=0A= {mso-style-name:msonormal;=0A= mso-margin-top-alt:auto;=0A= margin-right:0cm;=0A= mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;=0A= margin-left:0cm;=0A= font-size:11.0pt;=0A= font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;}span.EmailStyle18=0A= {mso-style-type:personal;=0A= font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;=0A= color:windowtext;}span.EmailStyle21=0A= {mso-style-type:personal-compose;=0A= font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;=0A= color:windowtext;}.MsoChpDefault=0A= {mso-style-type:export-only;=0A= font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;=0A= mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}div.WordSection1=0A= {page:WordSection1;}</style> <div style=3D"background-color:#D5EAFF; padding:.8em; "> <div style=3D"font-size:12pt; color:#ff0000; text-align: center;=0A= font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> *** Attention: This is an external email. Use caution responding, opening a= ttachments or clicking on links. ***</div> </div> <div> <div class=3D"WordSection1"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Hi Jan,<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">The results of the experiment you proposed in NH is = described in:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br> Goupell, M. J., Stoelb, C., Kan, A., &amp; Litovsky, R. Y. (2013). <a href= =3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4792936__;!!N0rdg= 9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jwsX9Y6Mw$" mo= z-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4792936</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">There are a number of papers study this problem in b= ilateral CI users: <o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Long, C. J., Eddington,= D. K., Colburn, H. S., &amp; Rabinowitz, W. M. (2003). <a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1603765__;= !!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jzmujZd= 2A$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1603765</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Wilson, B. S., Lawson, = D. T., M=A8=B9ller, J. M., Tyler, R. S., Kiefer, J., &amp; Muller, J. M. (2= 003). <a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioe= ng.5.040202.121645__;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43d= BR6H4DGlEEqNA6jwM9zgZMA$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioeng.5.040202.121645</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">van Hoesel, R. J. (2004= ). <a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1159/000078393= __;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jy3Z= eH3Ww$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1159/000078393</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Poon, B. B., Eddington,= D. K., Noel, V., &amp; Colburn, H. S. (2009). <a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3158821__;= !!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jxKcSHX= FQ$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3158821</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Kan, A., Stoelb, C., Li= tovsky, R. Y., &amp; Goupell, M. J. (2013). <a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4820889__;= !!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jySNYHe= 8w$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4820889</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Kan, A., Litovsky, R. Y= ., &amp; Goupell, M. J. (2015). <a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.00000000= 00000135__;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEE= qNA6jxTljicCw$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0000000000000135</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Kan, A., Goupell, M. J.= , &amp; Litovsky, R. Y. (2019). <a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5123464__;= !!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jyBYCTM= VA$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"> https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5123464</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Hope that helps.<o:p></= o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Cheers<o:p></o:p></p> <p style=3D"margin-left:24.0pt;text-indent:-24.0pt">Alan<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-a= lt:auto;background:white"> <span style=3D"color:#201F1E;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">---&nbsp;<br> </span><b><span style=3D"color:#333333;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">Alan Kan, PhD</span></b><span style=3D"c= olor:#333333;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm"><br> Research Fellow&nbsp;</span><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"background:white"><b>School of Engineering = | Macquarie University</b><span style=3D"color:#333333;border:none windowte= xt=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm"><br> </span>Level 1, 50 Waterloo Road, Macquarie Park, NSW&nbsp;2113, Australia<= br> <br> <o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"background:white"><b>Australian Hearing Hub= <o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"background:white"><span style=3D"color:#201= F1E">Level 1, 16 University Avenue, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Austral= ia<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"background:white"><span style=3D"color:#201= F1E"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"line-height:11.25pt;background:white"><b><s= pan style=3D"color:#333333;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">T:</span></b><span style=3D"color:#33333= 3;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">&nbsp;&#43;61 (2) 9850 2247</span><b><span style=3D"color:#DD1911;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">&nbsp;<br> </span></b><b><span style=3D"color:#333333;border:none=0A= windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm">E:</span></b><span style=3D"c= olor:#333333;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">&nbsp; <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href=3D"mailto:alan.kan@xxxxxxxx">al= an.kan@xxxxxxxx</a></span><b><span style=3D"color:#DD1911;border:none wind= owtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">&nbsp;</span></b><span style=3D"color:bl= ack;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm"> <br> </span><b><span style=3D"color:#333333;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">W:</span></b><span style=3D"color:#33333= 3;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">&nbsp;</span><span style=3D"color:#201F1E;= border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm"><a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__htt= ps://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/persons/alan-kan__;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshs= RmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jyCZ_wtPw$" moz-do-not-send=3D"tr= ue">https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/persons/alan-kan</a>&nbsp;</span><b><s= pan style=3D"color:#DD1911;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm">| &nbsp;</span></b><span style=3D"color:black;border:none windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm"><a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__htt= p://mq.edu.au/__;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H= 4DGlEEqNA6jzrPeJLwg$" target=3D"_blank" title=3D"Macquarie University" moz-= do-not-send=3D"true"><b>mq.edu.au</b></a></span><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"line-height:11.25pt;background:white"><o:p>= &nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://mq.edu= .au/__;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6= jzrPeJLwg$" moz-do-not-send=3D"true"><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.5pt;fon= t-family:&quot;Corbel&quot;,sans-serif;color:#9F141A;border:none=0A= windowtext=0A= 1.0pt;padding:0cm;background:white;text-decoration:none">= <img style=3D"width:2.7083in;height:.6041in" id=3D"Picture_x0020_1" src=3D"= cid:part12.C02A9BC0.1F2AC63E@xxxxxxxx" alt=3D"Macquarie University" class= =3D"" width=3D"260" height=3D"58" border=3D"0"></span></b></a><b><span styl= e=3D"font-size:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Corbel&quot;,sans-serif;color:#3333= 33;background:white"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:7.0pt;font-family:&quot;= Arial&quot;,sans-serif;color:#777777;border:none=0A= windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm;background:white">CRICOS Provi= der 00002J. ABN: 90 952 801 237.<br> <br> </span></b><b><o:p></o:p></b></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:7.0pt;font-family:&quot;= Arial&quot;,sans-serif;color:#777777;border:none=0A= windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm;background:white">This message= is intended for the addressee named and may<br> contain confidential information. If you are not the intended<br> recipient, please delete the message and notify the sender.<br> Views expressed in this message are those of the individual<br> sender and are not necessarily the views of Macquarie<br> University and its controlled entities.</span></b><b><span style=3D"font-si= ze:10.5pt;font-family:&quot;Corbel&quot;,sans-serif;color:#333333;backgroun= d:white"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p>&nbs= p;</o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"mso-fareast-language:EN-US"><o:p>&nbs= p;</o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span lang=3D"EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang= =3D"EN-US"> AUDITORY - Research in Auditory Perception <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href=3D"mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx"= >&lt;AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx&gt;</a> <b>On Behalf Of </b>Jan Schnupp<br> <b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, 24 February 2021 8:46 PM<br> <b>To:</b> <a class=3D"moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href=3D"mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx= STS.MCGILL.CA"> AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx</a><br> <b>Subject:</b> [AUDITORY] Sensitivity to ITDs with mismatched frequencies = in each ear?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Dear List,<o:p></o:p></p> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">I am curious if you could recommend some reading for= me. We have been increasingly interested in ITD coding with cochlear impla= nts and have developed a nice little animal model which shows a surprisingl= y robust behavioral ITD sensitivity even if deafened in infancy and only implanted in young adulthood.&nbsp;<o= :p></o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">One question we often get and which we would like to= investigate is: how much does it matter if there is a bit of a mismatch be= tween the frequency channels in the left and right ears? How badly do they = have to be mismatched before ITD sensitivity disappears?<o:p></o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">I kind of assumed that there must have been a lot of= psychoacoustics on this, at least in normally hearing human subjects. Of c= ourse at low frequencies, if you mismatch the left and right ears you get b= inaural beats, but what about envelope ITDs?&nbsp;You could deliver for example trains of short gabor clicks to e= ach ear with a greater or lesser extent of carrier frequency mismatch, and = see how the&nbsp;mismatch affects ITD thresholds. It seems like such an obv= ious thing to try, surely somebody must have done this or something similar? But a quick look on google scholar didn't = yield very much. A modelling paper by Bonham and Lewis 1999 was the top hit= . I haven't seen much in the way of data. Surely I must be missing somethin= g...? Any suggestions for relevant reading gratefully&nbsp;accepted.&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Jan<o:p></o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br clear=3D"all"> <o:p></o:p></p> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9.5pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s= pan></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9.5pt">--------------------= -------------------<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9.5pt">Prof Jan Schnupp<br> City University of Hong Kong<br> Dept. of Neuroscience<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9.5pt">31 To Yuen Street,&n= bsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9.5pt">Kowloon Tong<o:p></o= :p></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9.5pt">Hong Kong<o:p></o:p>= </span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9.5pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></s= pan></p> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://audit= oryneuroscience.com__;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43= dBR6H4DGlEEqNA6jwVFRuhOw$" target=3D"_blank" moz-do-not-send=3D"true">https= ://auditoryneuroscience.com</a><o:p></o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><a href=3D"https://urldefense.com/v3/__http://jan.sc= hnupp.net__;!!N0rdg9Wr!-8v1yVr1Jp2yshsRmpM1nOmnaK37MjhLdXLq7l6e43dBR6H4DGlE= EqNA6jzC34Ug9w$" target=3D"_blank" moz-do-not-send=3D"true">http://jan.schn= upp.net</a><o:p></o:p></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </blockquote> <br> <br> <div 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style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif= ;=0A= mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman=0A= \;color\:\#002048&quot;">Leslie R. Bernstein, Ph.D. </span></b><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;= ,sans-serif;=0A= mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman=0A= \;color\:\#585858&quot;">| </span></b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sa= ns-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times=0A= New Roman \;color\:\#585858&quot;">Professor</span><span style=3D"m= so-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;"><o:p></o:p></span><spa= n style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;=0A= mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman=0A= \;color\:\#585858&quot;"><br> Depts. of Neuroscience and Surgery (Otolaryngology) | UConn School of Medic= ine </span> <br> <span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;= =0A= mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman=0A= \;color\:\#585858&quot;"></span><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;fon= t-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;=0A= mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman=0A= \;color\:\#585858&quot;">263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030-3401</span><br> <span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;= =0A= mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman=0A= \;color\:\#585858&quot;"></span><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;fon= t-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;=0A= mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman=0A= \;color\:\#585858&quot;">Office: 860.679.4622 | Fax: 860.679.2495<br> <br> <img alt=3D"" src=3D"cid:part16.7F52436D.6AFD28A8@xxxxxxxx" width=3D"125" h= eight=3D"48"><br> </span></div> </body> </html> --_000_c7fcd6352438492b9ba548abc26b9b75NSOITEXCMB21uchcnet_-- --_005_c7fcd6352438492b9ba548abc26b9b75NSOITEXCMB21uchcnet_ Content-Type: image/png; name="image001.png" Content-Description: image001.png Content-Disposition: inline; filename="image001.png"; size=4605; creation-date="Thu, 25 Feb 2021 14:49:32 GMT"; modification-date="Thu, 25 Feb 2021 14:49:32 GMT" Content-ID: <part12.C02A9BC0.1F2AC63E@xxxxxxxx> 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maintained by:
DAn Ellis <dpwe@ee.columbia.edu>
Electrical Engineering Dept., Columbia University