Subject: Re: [AUDITORY] Effect of sidetone in lowering one's own voice From: James Johnston <audioskeptic@xxxxxxxx> Date: Mon, 1 Jul 2019 00:42:34 -0700 List-Archive:<http://lists.mcgill.ca/scripts/wa.exe?LIST=AUDITORY>--00000000000015b8fa058c99c660 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="00000000000015b8f9058c99c65f" --00000000000015b8f9058c99c65f Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable https://patents.google.com/patent/US4081620 might have references if there is a text somewhere. It's very expired. On Mon, Jul 1, 2019 at 12:36 AM Howell, Peter <p.howell@xxxxxxxx> wrote: > The Lombard effect refers to changes in voice level when (non-speech > background) noises are present. People raise their voice level. The > Fletcher effect refers to changes in voice level when own-voice level is > increased or decreased. If own voice is amplified, speakers decrease voic= e > level. Another (bit specialized) review is cited below. > > > > Peter Howell > > > > Howell, P. (2004). Effects of delayed auditory feedback and > frequency-shifted feedback on speech control and some potentials for futu= re > development of prosthetic aids for stammering. *Stammering Research*, *1*= , > 31-46. > > > > *From:* AUDITORY - Research in Auditory Perception < > AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx> *On Behalf Of *Sarah Hargus Ferguson > *Sent:* 30 June 2019 17:49 > *To:* AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx > *Subject:* Re: Effect of sidetone in lowering one's own voice > > > > The Lombard effect refers to changes in speech that occur when speech is > produced in the presence of noise. Kathy Pichora-Fuller and colleagues > wrote a very nice review of this literature (as well as the clear speech > literature) in > https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/s-0030-125= 2100 > <https://eur01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.= thieme-connect.com%2Fproducts%2Fejournals%2Fhtml%2F10.1055%2Fs-0030-1252100= &data=3D02%7C01%7C%7Cb7973c25d3fe4cae44ee08d6fddb368c%7C1faf88fea9984c5b93c= 9210a11d9a5c2%7C0%7C0%7C636975515301014796&sdata=3DA48evqOCLXmVYaNgv%2F703t= kmlJQ0k%2FdUQfatcw2Q6eY%3D&reserved=3D0>. > I=E2=80=99ve never heard of the Fletcher effect, and a google search of i= t was > unhelpful, so I can=E2=80=99t say whether these effects are the same are = not. From > what I=E2=80=99ve seen in the Lombard literature, it=E2=80=99s not often = clear in methods > sections whether or not talkers can hear their voice via side-tone. > > > > *Sarah Hargus Ferguson, PhD, CCC-A* > > Associate Professor > > > > *Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders* > > > > [image: u_health_email] > > > > *From:* AUDITORY - Research in Auditory Perception < > AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx> *On Behalf Of *D Sen > *Sent:* Friday, June 28, 2019 2:30 PM > *To:* AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx > *Subject:* Re: [AUDITORY] Effect of sidetone in lowering one's own voice > > > > Thanks Ole. (Also to Dhurandar and JJ who responded outside of the list). > > > > I am interested in the Fletcher Effect and the Lombard effect. Both of > those show variations in the speaker=E2=80=99s own voice (level, format s= hifts, > etc) in the presence of noise or sidetone (i.e. own voice fed back into t= he > ear usually through headphones). > > > > Is there evidence to suggest that the Fletcher and the Lombard effect are > essentially the same effect - where the perceived SNR of the =E2=80=98own= voice=E2=80=99 is > causing a level rise in the =E2=80=98own voice=E2=80=99? > > > > Also, while there is evidence to suggest that =E2=80=98own voice=E2=80=99= is *raised* in > the presence of noise or =E2=80=98lower feedback of the own voice through > sidetone=E2=80=99, is there evidence of *lowering* the voice to below > nominal/ambient levels when the sidetone is raised substantially (where i= n > the extreme case, the speaker would be whispering when the sidetone is > played back at a high enough level). > > > > Thanks, > > Deep > > > > On Jun 27, 2019, at 5:48 AM, Ole Adrian Heggli <oleheggli@xxxxxxxx> > wrote: > > > > Hi Deep, > > > > That depends on whether you are asking about a relative/absolute decrease > of pitch or amplitude? > > > > Might be of interest, if it's pitch: > > > > Dixon Ward, W., & Burns, E. M. (1975). Pitch performance in singing > without auditory feedback. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of > America, 58(S1), S116-S116. > > M=C3=BCrbe, D., Pabst, F., Hofmann, G., & Sundberg, J. (2002). Significan= ce of > auditory and kinesthetic feedback to singers' pitch control. *Journal of > Voice*, *16*(1), 44-51. > > > > > > Cheers, > > Ole Adrian Heggli > > > > > > tor. 27. jun. 2019 kl. 06:21 skrev D Sen <dsen@xxxxxxxx>: > > Are folks aware of work that studies he lowering of one=E2=80=99s own voi= ce when > there is feedback of their voice through side-tone (through headphones)? > > > Thanks, > Deep > > > --=20 James D. (jj) Johnston Independent Audio and Electroacoustics Consultant --00000000000015b8f9058c99c65f Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <div dir=3D"ltr"><a href=3D"https://patents.google.com/patent/US4081620">ht= tps://patents.google.com/patent/US4081620</a> might have references if ther= e is a text somewhere. It's very expired.<br></div><br><div class=3D"gm= ail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_attr">On Mon, Jul 1, 2019 at 12:= 36 AM Howell, Peter <<a href=3D"mailto:p.howell@xxxxxxxx">p.howell@xxxxxxxx= ac.uk</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma= rgin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:= 1ex"> <div lang=3D"EN-GB"> <div class=3D"gmail-m_3403955039747375779WordSection1"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US">The Lombard effec= t refers to changes in voice level when (non-speech background) noises are = present. People raise their voice level. The Fletcher effect refers to changes in voice level when own= -voice level is increased or decreased. If own voice is amplified, speakers= decrease voice level. Another (bit specialized) review is cited below.<u><= /u><u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u><= /u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US">Peter Howell<u></= u><u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u><= /u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span>Howell, P. (2004). Effects of delayed auditory= feedback and frequency-shifted feedback on speech control and some potenti= als for future development of prosthetic aids for stammering. <i>Stammering Research</i>, <i>1</i>, 31-46.</span><span style=3D"font-size= :11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang= =3D"EN-US"><u></u><u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u><= /u></span></p> <div> <div style=3D"border-color:rgb(225,225,225) currentcolor currentcolor;borde= r-style:solid none none;border-width:1pt medium medium;padding:3pt 0cm 0cm"= > <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"C= alibri",sans-serif" lang=3D"EN-US">From:</span></b><span style=3D"font= -size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif" lang=3D"EN-US"> AUDI= TORY - Research in Auditory Perception <<a href=3D"mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx= .MCGILL.CA" target=3D"_blank">AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx</a>> <b>On Behalf Of </b>Sarah Hargus Ferguson<br> <b>Sent:</b> 30 June 2019 17:49<br> <b>To:</b> <a href=3D"mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx" target=3D"_blank">AU= DITORY@xxxxxxxx</a><br> <b>Subject:</b> Re: Effect of sidetone in lowering one's own voice<u></= u><u></u></span></p> </div> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US">The Lombard effec= t refers to changes in speech that occur when speech is produced in the pre= sence of noise. Kathy Pichora-Fuller and colleagues wrote a very nice review of this literature (as well as the clear speech literat= ure) in </span><span lang=3D"EN-US"><a href=3D"https://eur01.safelinks.protection.o= utlook.com/?url=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.thieme-connect.com%2Fproducts%2Fejourna= ls%2Fhtml%2F10.1055%2Fs-0030-1252100&data=3D02%7C01%7C%7Cb7973c25d3fe4c= ae44ee08d6fddb368c%7C1faf88fea9984c5b93c9210a11d9a5c2%7C0%7C0%7C63697551530= 1014796&sdata=3DA48evqOCLXmVYaNgv%2F703tkmlJQ0k%2FdUQfatcw2Q6eY%3D&= reserved=3D0" target=3D"_blank">https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejo= urnals/html/10.1055/s-0030-1252100</a></span><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;= font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN= -US">. I=E2=80=99ve never heard of the Fletcher effect, and a google search of it= was unhelpful, so I can=E2=80=99t say whether these effects are the same a= re not. From what I=E2=80=99ve seen in the Lombard literature, it=E2=80=99s= not often clear in methods sections whether or not talkers can hear their voice via side-tone. <u></u><u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u><= /u></span></p> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:9pt;font-family:"Ce= ntury Gothic",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US">Sarah Ha= rgus Ferguson, PhD, CCC-A<u></u><u></u></span></b></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9pt;font-family:"Centu= ry Gothic",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US">Associate P= rofessor<u></u><u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9pt;font-family:"Centu= ry Gothic",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2= =A0<u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:9pt;font-family:"Ce= ntury Gothic",sans-serif;color:rgb(172,22,44)" lang=3D"EN-US">Departme= nt of Communication Sciences and Disorders<u></u><u></u></span></b></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9pt;font-family:"Centu= ry Gothic",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2= =A0<u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:9pt;font-family:"Centu= ry Gothic",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><img style= =3D"width: 2.0625in; height: 0.5729in;" id=3D"gmail-m_3403955039747375779Pi= cture_x0020_2" src=3D"cid:16bac7c06cc5b16b21" alt=3D"u_health_email" width= =3D"198" height=3D"55" border=3D"0"></span><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;fo= nt-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-U= S"><u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"Cali= bri",sans-serif;color:rgb(31,73,125)" lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u><= /u></span></p> <div> <div style=3D"border-color:rgb(225,225,225) currentcolor currentcolor;borde= r-style:solid none none;border-width:1pt medium medium;padding:3pt 0cm 0cm"= > <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:"C= alibri",sans-serif" lang=3D"EN-US">From:</span></b><span style=3D"font= -size:11pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif" lang=3D"EN-US"> AUDI= TORY - Research in Auditory Perception <<a href=3D"mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx= .MCGILL.CA" target=3D"_blank">AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx</a>> <b>On Behalf Of </b>D Sen<br> <b>Sent:</b> Friday, June 28, 2019 2:30 PM<br> <b>To:</b> <a href=3D"mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx" target=3D"_blank">AU= DITORY@xxxxxxxx</a><br> <b>Subject:</b> Re: [AUDITORY] Effect of sidetone in lowering one's own= voice<u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Thanks Ole. (Also to Dhurandar = and JJ who responded outside of the list).<u></u><u></u></span></p> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">I am interested in the Fletcher= Effect and the Lombard effect. Both of those show variations in the speake= r=E2=80=99s own voice (level, format shifts, etc) in the presence of noise = or sidetone (i.e. own voice fed back into the ear usually through headphones).<u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Is there evidence to suggest th= at the Fletcher and the Lombard effect are essentially the same effect - wh= ere the perceived SNR of the =E2=80=98own voice=E2=80=99 is causing a level= rise in the =E2=80=98own voice=E2=80=99?=C2=A0<u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Also, while there is evidence t= o suggest that =E2=80=98own voice=E2=80=99 is <u>raised</u> in the presence of noise or =E2=80=98lower feedback of the ow= n voice through sidetone=E2=80=99, is there evidence of <u>lowering</u>=C2=A0the voice to below nominal/ambient levels when the sid= etone is raised substantially (where in the extreme case, the speaker would= be whispering when the sidetone is played back at a high enough level).<u>= </u><u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Thanks,<u></u><u></u></span></p= > </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Deep<u></u><u></u></span></p> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12pt"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u= ></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> <blockquote style=3D"margin-top:5pt;margin-bottom:5pt"> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">On Jun 27, 2019, at 5:48 AM, Ol= e Adrian Heggli <<a href=3D"mailto:oleheggli@xxxxxxxx" target=3D"_blank= ">oleheggli@xxxxxxxx</a>> wrote:<u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> <div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Hi Deep,<u></u><u></u></span></= p> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">That depends on whether you are= asking about a relative/absolute decrease of pitch or amplitude?<u></u><u>= </u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Might be of interest, if it'= ;s pitch:<u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Dixon Ward, W., & Burns, E.= M. (1975). Pitch performance in singing without auditory feedback. The Jou= rnal of the Acoustical Society of America, 58(S1), S116-S116.<u></u><u></u>= </span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10pt;font-family:"Aria= l",sans-serif" lang=3D"EN-US">M=C3=BCrbe, D., Pabst, F., Hofmann, G., = & Sundberg, J. (2002). Significance of auditory and kinesthetic feedbac= k to singers' pitch control.=C2=A0<i>Journal of Voice</i>,=C2=A0<i>16</= i>(1), 44-51.</span><span lang=3D"EN-US">=C2=A0=C2=A0<u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Cheers,<u></u><u></u></span></p= > </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Ole Adrian Heggli<u></u><u></u>= </span></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> <div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">tor. 27. jun. 2019 kl. 06:21 sk= rev D Sen <<a href=3D"mailto:dsen@xxxxxxxx" target=3D"_blank">dsen@xxxxxxxx= org</a>>:<u></u><u></u></span></p> </div> <blockquote style=3D"border-color:currentcolor currentcolor currentcolor rg= b(204,204,204);border-style:none none none solid;border-width:medium medium= medium 1pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 6pt;margin:5pt 0cm 5pt 4.8pt"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US">Are folks aware of work that st= udies he lowering of one=E2=80=99s own voice when there is feedback of thei= r voice through side-tone (through headphones)?<br> <br> <br> Thanks,<br> Deep<u></u><u></u></span></p> </blockquote> </div> </div> </blockquote> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span lang=3D"EN-US"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </blockquote></div><br clear=3D"all"><br>-- <br><div dir=3D"ltr" class=3D"g= mail_signature"><div>James D. (jj) Johnston</div><div>Independent Audio and= Electroacoustics Consultant</div></div> --00000000000015b8f9058c99c65f-- --00000000000015b8fa058c99c660 Content-Type: image/png; name="image002.png" Content-Disposition: inline; filename="image002.png" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-ID: <16bac7c06cc5b16b21> X-Attachment-Id: 16bac7c06cc5b16b21 iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAMYAAAA3CAYAAABXVTXhAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAlwSFlzAAAO xAAADsQBlSsOGwAAABl0RVh0U29mdHdhcmUATWljcm9zb2Z0IE9mZmljZX/tNXEAACs5SURBVHhe 7V0LfFTFuZ+ZM7t7NtlNWMICAVHACiYQFGh9VVul1qtVsS1C7tUqfXq5GGvUvrS90thaeltto42Y ttSKrbYhYgvaai3XR2190ILIKwgaykMCBN3AJtmzu+fM3P93Nhvy3g0mllwZf5Fkd57fzPfN9x5Z UVHBjpfjEDgOgc4QkPTnOZWrciIyebItbb+0mf1ugeR2ipLuyGZSMNsW+Hv3jvLSho79T6isGWUy diKTUqGFznZsizEeYDLgYXbTurLS16jdhOqaSdJiISlZMt2PjcHxdyxkN7z5Ynl5a7b9H6/3/oaA e4YbZfIDI6XxA8GMCZahknyAYcIZFz5p8maWqNrB2H0du8+X4tKg9Hw1qbVWzAPkyFy4ZjrMuC/G nGQTE3cULVq0SYSnXplneG7SPjaMMIx6ISzzSe5JKL2nUYZvwZ/rM/d+vMZxCDDWRtxtv9J8ko+J 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