[AUDITORY] Responses to query on deafness and music ("Patel, Aniruddh D." )


Subject: [AUDITORY] Responses to query on deafness and music
From:    "Patel, Aniruddh D."  <a.patel@xxxxxxxx>
Date:    Tue, 20 Feb 2018 22:10:11 +0000
List-Archive:<http://lists.mcgill.ca/scripts/wa.exe?LIST=AUDITORY>

--_000_E06FF38A806E884E9F935E87BFE5694CE819A77ASSVMEXDAG01MB04_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear List, Several people have asked for a collation of responses to my Nov 10 2017 qu= ery about deafness and music. The collation is below. These responses were= either sent to the list or to me privately (in the latter case, they are r= eproduced with permission). Regards, Ani Patel http://ase.tufts.edu/psychology/people/patel/ Responses to query on deafness and music Original Query, sent Nov 10, 2017: Dear List, This new video on deafness and music may interest some of you: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/03/opinion/cochlear-implant-sound-music.htm= l If any of you have references to research studies on how deaf individuals p= erceive / respond to music, can you please send me the citation(s)? I am t= rying to assemble a bibliography for my students. Thanks, Ani Patel Responses ---------------------------------------------------------- From Ken Grant: Please look up the work done in the early 80s with the indigo girls who tou= red with a sign interpreter. That's because they had a large deaf following= . Surely says a lot about deaf love of music. --- From Pauline Tranchant & Martha Shiell: Thank you for sharing this video. We recently published the study presented= at ICMPC in 2016: Tranchant, P., Shiell, M. M., Giordano, M., Nadeau, A., Peretz, I., & Zator= re, R. J. (2017). Feeling the beat: bouncing synchronization to vibrotactil= e music in hearing and early deaf people. Frontiers in neuroscience, 11, 50= 7. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2017.00507/full --- From Peter Lennox: This ref might be useful: https://ahlab.org/sites/default/files/p_nanayakkara_2013_2.pdf Enhancing Musical Experience for the Hearing-Impaired Using Visual and Hapt= ic Displays Suranga Chandima Nanayakkara, Lonce Wyse, S. H. Ong, and Elizabeth A. Tay= lor --- From Ritva Torrpa: Please see also the article on Signmark, a deaf, Finnish rap-artist. Not sc= ientific, but maybe interesting. Like most deaf, he has residual hearing, b= ut he identifies to the culture of deaf. The story of those with CIs is c= ompletely different. https://finland.fi/arts-culture/signmark-does-what-he-wants/ --- From Tilak Ratnanather: One has to remember the heterogenity and diversity among people with hearin= g loss. Kolb can only speak for herself. My old school - Mary Hare School - is the designated national grammar scho= ol for deaf children in the UK and was the first known school for the deaf = to formally introduce music into the curriculum. As someone who witnessed t= hat in the 1970s, I wrote an article on the evolution of music at Mary Hare= - http://www-usr.rider.edu/~vrme/v14n1/vision/Ratnanather%20Final2.%20.pdf The school also offers music therapy for all children regardless of hearing= loss or not https://www.maryhare.org.uk/music-0 https://www.maryhare.org.uk/music https://www.maryhare.org.uk/music-technology Apologies for the shameless plug for the school that made me what I am now. --- From Frank Russo: We've put on a number of concerts for the deaf and there are a few publicat= ions related to this work but they were not very scientific - this was done= in collaboration with Faculty in Fine Arts and New Media. We recently publ= ished a good study investigating music training in deaf children with CI's.= I think that there are links to most of this work on my ResearchGate profi= le --- From Daniele Schon: I was last week in Paris for a conference on music and deafness. Mostly neu= rosciences and rehabilitation but some music perception in CI. Nice present= ation of current work by Jeremy Marozeau, showing that the perceived tensio= n in a musical piece (real performance) is the same for CI holders and norm= al hearing people. However, when scrambling the pitches the tension changes= for NH people while it does not for CI. Very nice work. Not sure it is out= yet. You can ask him, he is a very nice person. --- From Leon van Noorden: I am married already nearly 14 years with a congenital profoundly deaf lady= . She is deaf from birth to such a degree that she never could hear human spe= ech. Only when a dog would bark hard with a low sound near to her head she = would perceive it, but it could have been transduced by the sense of vibrat= ion. Music means a lot to her. She had many years of piano lessons, and she can = sing many children's songs, although monotonously. She can speak and lip re= ad very fluently in Spanish, her mother language, and French, as second lan= guage. We speak French between us. She reports that her speech improved a l= ot during a year after college of studying orthophony . She stopped this st= udy as it became clear that she would never be able to hear a patients voic= e, but it helped her later a lot to study her second language. After obtaining a degree in electronics and telecommunication, during which= she had of course to organise her note taking with the aid of other studen= ts and the university, she got the opportunity to enter a doctoral school i= n France, while doing research on a hearing aid in a laboratory of France T= elecom. This enabled her to obtain a doctorate in applied acoustics. In her= working life she entered in marketing in this Telecom operator and became = later responsible for equipment and services for handicapped and elderly pe= ople, now known under the title Accessibility. She felt never the need for a cochlear implant. My wife grew up in a specia= l family: of the 12 children 5 are normal hearing the rest are profoundly d= eaf from birth. She was the first deaf after 4 normal hearing ones. I think= that there are not many deaf persons that are so well integrated in the he= aring world as these ones are. Of course it would be difficult to say how t= heir experience would have been if they all would have had a CI at the age = of 3 month as is common now. On the other hand my wife thinks that even wit= h a CI hearing will not be the same a normal hearing. She knows deaf friend= s where the CI support substantially lipreading, but would not enable to un= derstand speech while not looking at the other person. I would like to add = that also in cases where it is not possible to obtain a CI a deaf person ca= n integrate very well in society. And also that such a person helps us, "no= rmal" people, to understand that there are more ways through which we perce= ive our environment than we usually think. Hope you find this interesting. Don't hesitate if you or any of your studen= ts want to know more details. ---- Final note from Ani Patel -- This reference might be of interest: Iversen, J. R., Patel, A. D., Nicodemus, B., & Emmorey, K. (2015). Synchron= ization to auditory and visual rhythms in hearing and deaf individuals. Cog= nition, 134, 232-244. --_000_E06FF38A806E884E9F935E87BFE5694CE819A77ASSVMEXDAG01MB04_ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <html xmlns:v=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o=3D"urn:schemas-micr= osoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" = xmlns:m=3D"http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns=3D"http:= //www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dus-ascii"= > <meta name=3D"Generator" content=3D"Microsoft Word 15 (filtered medium)"> <style><!-- /* Font Definitions */ @xxxxxxxx {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;} @xxxxxxxx {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink {mso-style-priority:99; color:#0563C1; text-decoration:underline;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {mso-style-priority:99; color:#954F72; text-decoration:underline;} p.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText {mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-link:"Plain Text Char"; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;} p {mso-style-priority:99; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;} span.EmailStyle17 {mso-style-type:personal-compose; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; color:windowtext;} span.PlainTextChar {mso-style-name:"Plain Text Char"; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-link:"Plain Text"; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;} @xxxxxxxx WordSection1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;} div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;} --></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults v:ext=3D"edit" spidmax=3D"1026" /> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout v:ext=3D"edit"> <o:idmap v:ext=3D"edit" data=3D"1" /> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> </head> <body lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"#0563C1" vlink=3D"#954F72"> <div class=3D"WordSection1"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Dear List,<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Several people have asked for a collation of respons= es to my Nov 10 2017 query about deafness and music. The collation is below= .&nbsp; These responses were either sent to the list or to me privately (in= the latter case, they are reproduced with permission).<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Regards,<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Ani Patel<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><a href=3D"http://ase.tufts.edu/psychology/people/pa= tel/">http://ase.tufts.edu/psychology/people/patel/</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b>Responses to query on deafness and music<o:p></o:= p></b></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Original Query, sent Nov 10, 2017:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Dear List,<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">This new video on deafness and music may interest so= me of you:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><a href=3D"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/03/opinio= n/cochlear-implant-sound-music.html">https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/03/opi= nion/cochlear-implant-sound-music.html</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">If any of you have references to research studies on= how deaf individuals perceive / respond to music, can you please send me t= he citation(s)?&nbsp; I am trying to assemble a bibliography for my student= s.<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Ani Patel<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Responses<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">----------------------------------------------------= ------<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">From Ken Grant:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt">Please look up the wo= rk done in the early 80s with the indigo girls who toured with a sign inter= preter. That&#8217;s because they had a large deaf following. Surely says a= lot about deaf love of music.&nbsp;<span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt"><o:p><= /o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">---<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">From Pauline Tranchant &amp; Martha Shiell:<o:p></o:= p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Thank you for sharing this video. We recently publis= hed the study presented at ICMPC in 2016:&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ar= ial&quot;,sans-serif">Tranchant, P., Shiell, M. M., Giordano, M., Nadeau, A= ., Peretz, I., &amp; Zatorre, R. J. (2017). Feeling the beat: bouncing sync= hronization to vibrotactile music in hearing and early deaf people.&nbsp;<i>Frontiers in neuroscience</i>,&nbsp;<i>11</i>, 507.<o= :p></o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-se= rif"><br> </span><a href=3D"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2017.0= 0507/full" target=3D"_blank">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/f= nins.2017.00507/full</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">---<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">From Peter Lennox:<o:p></o:p></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black"><= o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black">T= his ref might be useful:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black"><= a href=3D"https://ahlab.org/sites/default/files/p_nanayakkara_2013_2.pdf" i= d=3D"LPlnk213673">https://ahlab.org/sites/default/files/p_nanayakkara_2013_= 2.pdf</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Enhancing Musical Experience for the Hearing-Impaire= d Using Visual and Haptic Displays<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Suranga Chandima Nanayakkara, Lonce Wyse,&nbsp;&nbsp= ; S. H. Ong, and Elizabeth A. Taylor<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">---<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">From Ritva Torrpa:<o:p></o:p></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black"><= o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black">P= lease see also the article on Signmark, a deaf, Finnish rap-artist. Not sci= entific, but maybe interesting. Like most deaf, he has residual hearing, bu= t he identifies to the culture of deaf. The story of&nbsp; those with CIs&nbsp; is completely different.&nbsp;<o:p></o= :p></span></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black"><= o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black"><= a href=3D"https://finland.fi/arts-culture/signmark-does-what-he-wants/" id= =3D"LPlnk288828">https://finland.fi/arts-culture/signmark-does-what-he-want= s/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">---<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">From Tilak Ratnanather:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText">One has to remember the heterogenity and diversit= y among people with hearing loss. Kolb can only speak for herself.<o:p></o:= p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText">My old school&nbsp; - Mary Hare School - is the d= esignated national grammar school for deaf children in the UK and was the f= irst known school for the deaf to formally introduce music into the curricu= lum. As someone who witnessed that in the 1970s, I wrote an article on the evolution of music at Mary Hare -<o:p></o= :p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><a href=3D"http://www-usr.rider.edu/~vrme/v14n1/v= ision/Ratnanather%20Final2.%20.pdf">http://www-usr.rider.edu/~vrme/v14n1/vi= sion/Ratnanather%20Final2.%20.pdf</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText">The school also offers music therapy for all chil= dren regardless of hearing loss or not<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><a href=3D"https://www.maryhare.org.uk/music-0">h= ttps://www.maryhare.org.uk/music-0</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><a href=3D"https://www.maryhare.org.uk/music">htt= ps://www.maryhare.org.uk/music</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><a href=3D"https://www.maryhare.org.uk/music-tech= nology">https://www.maryhare.org.uk/music-technology</a><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText">Apologies for the shameless plug for the school t= hat made me what I am now.<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText">---<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText">From Frank Russo:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoPlainText">We&#8217;ve put on a number of concerts for the d= eaf and there are a few publications related to this work but they were not= very scientific &#8212; this was done in collaboration with Faculty in Fin= e Arts and New Media. We recently published a good study investigating music training in deaf children with CI&#8217;s. = I think that there are links to most of this work on my ResearchGate profil= e<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">---<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">From Daniele Schon:<o:p></o:p></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black"><= o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p><span style=3D"font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;color:black">I= was last week in Paris for a conference on music and deafness. Mostly neur= osciences and rehabilitation but some music perception in CI. Nice presenta= tion of current work by Jeremy Marozeau, showing that the perceived tension in a musical piece (real performance) is the sa= me for CI holders and normal hearing people. However, when scrambling the p= itches the tension changes for NH people while it does not for CI. Very nic= e work. Not sure it is out yet. You can ask him, he is a very nice person.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">---<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">From Leon van Noorden:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">I am married already nearly 14 years with a congenit= al profoundly deaf lady.<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">She is deaf from birth to such a degree that she nev= er could hear human speech. Only when a dog would bark hard with a low soun= d near to her head she would perceive it, but it could have been transduced= by the sense of vibration.&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Music means a lot to her. She had many years of pian= o lessons, and she can sing many children&#8217;s songs, although monotonou= sly. She can speak and lip read very fluently in Spanish, her mother langua= ge, and French, as second language. We speak French between us. She reports that her speech improved a lot during a yea= r after college&nbsp;of studying orthophony . She stopped this study as it = became clear that she would never be able to hear a patients voice, but it = helped her later a lot to study her second language.<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">After obtaining a degree in electronics and telecomm= unication, during which she had of course to organise her note taking with = the aid of other students and the university, she got the opportunity to en= ter a doctoral school in France, while doing research on a hearing aid in a laboratory of France Telecom. This en= abled her to obtain a&nbsp;doctorate in applied acoustics. In her working l= ife she entered in marketing in this Telecom operator and became later resp= onsible for equipment and services for handicapped and elderly people, now known under the title Accessibility.<o= :p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">She felt never the need for a cochlear implant. My w= ife grew up in a special family: of the 12 children 5 are normal hearing th= e rest are profoundly deaf from birth. She was the first deaf after 4 norma= l hearing ones.&nbsp;I think that there are not many deaf persons that are so well integrated in the hearing world= as these ones are.&nbsp;Of course it would be difficult to say how their e= xperience would have been if they all would have had a CI at the age of 3 m= onth as is common now. On the other hand my wife thinks that even with a CI hearing will not be the same a normal h= earing. She knows deaf friends where the CI support substantially lipreadin= g, but would not&nbsp;enable&nbsp;to understand speech while not looking at= the other person. I would like to add that also in cases where it is not possible to obtain a CI a deaf person can in= tegrate very well in&nbsp;society. And also that such a person helps us,&nb= sp;&#8220;normal&#8221; people, to understand that there are more ways thro= ugh which we perceive our environment than we&nbsp;usually think.<span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&qu= ot;,serif"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Hope you find this interesting. Don&#8217;t hesitate= if you or any of your students want to know more details.&nbsp;<o:p></o:p>= </p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">----<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Final note from Ani Patel --&nbsp; This reference mi= ght be of interest:<o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#222222"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa= n></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#222222">Iversen, J. R., Patel,= A. D., Nicodemus, B., &amp; Emmorey, K. (2015). Synchronization to auditor= y and visual rhythms in hearing and deaf individuals. <i>Cognition</i>, <i>134</i>, 232-244.</span><o:p></o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> </body> </html> --_000_E06FF38A806E884E9F935E87BFE5694CE819A77ASSVMEXDAG01MB04_--


This message came from the mail archive
../postings/2018/
maintained by:
DAn Ellis <dpwe@ee.columbia.edu>
Electrical Engineering Dept., Columbia University