Re: Technique can pinpoint tinnitus (arnaud norena )


Subject: Re: Technique can pinpoint tinnitus
From:    arnaud norena  <arnaud.norena@xxxxxxxx>
Date:    Tue, 6 Oct 2009 16:40:53 +0200
List-Archive:<http://lists.mcgill.ca/scripts/wa.exe?LIST=AUDITORY>

--000e0cd29d8a9d63b404754537dc Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear John, we are far from knowing the fine mechanisms of tinnitus but there is a consensus in the field (I think) stating that tinnitus is caused by some central mechanisms (i.e. release from central inhibition) after a decrease in sensory inputs (caused by hearing loss). Noise trauma, which is known to decrease spontaneous activity at cochlear nerve level, and which is a stron= g and common "tinnitus inducer", corroborate the view of a central tinnitus (= a decrease in neural activity is likely not related to a perception). Interestingly, the percept of tinnitus corresponds strictly to the frequenc= y range of hearing loss (Norena et al., 2002). Moreover, it is worth mentioning that cochlear implant subjects often present a tinnitus and that a section of the cochlear nerve does not always abolish tinnitus. Finally, some papers have shown neural changes (both in term of firing rate and synchrony) after noise trauma in AI of (anesthetized) cats circumscribed to neurons with characteristic frequency corresponding to the frequency range of hearing loss (for instance: Norena and Eggermont, 2003 - sorry for the self-promotion :-) ). This model suggests that the decrease in afferent inputs should be compensated to prevent/reverse the central changes causing tinnitus. Hearin= g aids could be a way for stimulating/reeducating the auditory system (as lon= g as the cochlea transmits sensory inputs, i.e. absence of "dead regions"). However, the immediate release from tinnitus caused by hearing aids is likely caused by the partial masking of tinnitus by the amplified background. regards, arnaud norena 2009/10/6 Beerends, J.G. (John) <john.beerends@xxxxxxxx> > Dear All, > > In this paper there is no mentioning of any relation between tinnitus and > hearing loss. > The spontaneous neural activity may just be the result of unused neural > capacity that was stimulated before getting damaged. Are there any expert= s > that know if this relation exists? And if so, is this relation is linked = to > damage of both the outer and inner hair cells, or to either one of them? > > I know experts who say that tinnitus often gets less when a subject with > hearing loss (and tinnitus) starts wearing a correctly fitted hearing aid= . > This would support the idea of hearing loss induced spontaneous neural > activity. > > John Beerends > TNO > Delft > The Netherlands > > -----Original Message----- > From: AUDITORY - Research in Auditory Perception [mailto: > AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx On Behalf Of Kevin Austin > Sent: dinsdag 6 oktober 2009 1:15 > To: AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx > Subject: Technique can pinpoint tinnitus > > > From the BBC: > > http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8287791.stm > > > > > Best > > Kevin > This e-mail and its contents are subject to the DISCLAIMER at > http://www.tno.nl/disclaimer/email.html > --=20 Arnaud Norena CR1 CNRS Universit=E9 de Provence Centre St Charles, P=F4le 3C - Case B 3, Place Victor Hugo F - 13331 Marseille Cedex 03 +33(0)4.88.57.68.63 --000e0cd29d8a9d63b404754537dc Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Dear John,<br><br>we are far from knowing the fine mechanisms of tinnitus b= ut there is a consensus in the field (I think) stating that tinnitus is cau= sed by some central mechanisms (i.e. release from central inhibition) after= a decrease in sensory inputs (caused by hearing loss). Noise trauma, which= is known to decrease spontaneous activity at cochlear nerve level, and whi= ch is a strong and common &quot;tinnitus inducer&quot;, corroborate the vie= w of a central tinnitus (a decrease in neural activity is likely not relate= d to a perception). Interestingly, the percept of tinnitus corresponds stri= ctly to the frequency range of hearing loss (Norena et al., 2002). Moreover= , it is worth mentioning that cochlear implant subjects often present a tin= nitus and that a section of the cochlear nerve does not always abolish tinn= itus. Finally, some papers have shown neural changes (both in term of firi= ng rate and synchrony) after noise trauma in AI of (anesthetized) cats circ= umscribed to neurons with characteristic frequency corresponding to the fre= quency range of hearing loss (for instance: Norena and Eggermont, 2003 - so= rry for the self-promotion :-) ).<br> <br>This model suggests that the decrease in afferent inputs should be comp= ensated to prevent/reverse the central changes causing tinnitus. Hearing ai= ds could be a way for stimulating/reeducating the auditory system (as long = as the cochlea transmits sensory inputs, i.e. absence of &quot;dead region= s&quot;). However, the immediate release from tinnitus caused by hearing ai= ds is likely caused by the partial masking of tinnitus by the amplified bac= kground.<br> =A0<br>regards,<br>arnaud norena<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">2009/10/= 6 Beerends, J.G. (John) <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:john.beeren= ds@xxxxxxxx">john.beerends@xxxxxxxx</a>&gt;</span><br><blockquote class=3D"gmai= l_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0p= t 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;"> Dear All,<br> <br> In this paper there is no mentioning of any relation between tinnitus and h= earing loss.<br> The spontaneous neural activity may just be the result of unused neural cap= acity that was stimulated before getting damaged. Are there any experts tha= t know if this relation exists? And if so, is this relation is linked to da= mage of both the outer and inner hair cells, or to either one of them?<br> <br> I know experts who say that tinnitus often gets less when a subject with he= aring loss (and tinnitus) starts wearing a correctly fitted hearing aid. Th= is would support the idea of hearing loss induced spontaneous neural activi= ty.<br> <br> John Beerends<br> TNO<br> Delft<br> The Netherlands<br> <div><div></div><div class=3D"h5"><br> -----Original Message-----<br> From: AUDITORY - Research in Auditory Perception [mailto:<a href=3D"mailto:= AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx">AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx</a>] On Behalf Of Kevin = Austin<br> Sent: dinsdag 6 oktober 2009 1:15<br> To: <a href=3D"mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx">AUDITORY@xxxxxxxx</a= ><br> Subject: Technique can pinpoint tinnitus<br> <br> <br> =A0From the BBC:<br> <br> <a href=3D"http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8287791.stm" target=3D"_blank"= >http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/8287791.stm</a><br> <br> <br> <br> <br> Best<br> <br> Kevin<br> </div></div>This e-mail and its contents are subject to the DISCLAIMER at <= a href=3D"http://www.tno.nl/disclaimer/email.html" target=3D"_blank">http:/= /www.tno.nl/disclaimer/email.html</a><br> </blockquote></div><br><br clear=3D"all"><br>-- <br>Arnaud Norena<br>CR1 CN= RS<br>Universit=E9 de Provence<br>Centre St Charles, P=F4le 3C - Case B<br>= 3, Place Victor Hugo<br>F - 13331 Marseille Cedex 03<br>+33(0)4.88.57.68.63= <br> --000e0cd29d8a9d63b404754537dc--


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