Subject: Re: Pitch perception shift caused by carbamazepine and yawning From: chen-gia tsai <tsai.cc(at)LYCOS.COM> Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2004 03:26:31 -0500Dear list, I find that a recent experimental study on yawning might shed new light on the pitch perception shift during yawning. HN Luk, CH Tsou, T Kao. Clinical study of anesthetics-induced yawning by AEP, rSO2 and HRV. Annual meeting of American Society of Anesthesiologists, Oct 23-27, 2004, Las Vegas, Nevada. Their finding of a decrease in auditory evoked potential (AEP) index during anesthetics-induced yawning might be related to the auditory brainstem response changes cause by carbamazepine. See Wakamoto H, Kume A, Nakano N. (2004) Elevated pitch perception owing to carbamazepine-activating effect on the peripheral auditory system: auditory brainstem response study. J Child Neurol. 19(6):453-5. Medaglini S, Filippi M, Smirne S, Ferini-Strambi L, Giusti MC, Poggi A, Comi G. Effects of long-lasting antiepileptic therapy on brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Neuropsychobiology. 1988;19(2):104-7. Panjwani U, Singh SH, sel Vamurthy W, Gupta HL, Mukhopadhyay S, Thakur L. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in epileptics on different anti-epileptic drugs. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1996 Jan;40(1):29-34. Verrotti A, Trotta D, Cutarella R, Pascarella R, Morgese G, Chiarelli F. Effects of antiepileptic drugs on evoked potentials in epileptic children. Pediatr Neurol. 2000 Nov;23(5):397-402. Japaridze G, Kvernadze D, Geladze T, Kevanishvili Z. Effects of carbamazepine on auditory brainstem response, middle-latency response, and slow cortical potential in epileptic patients. Epilepsia. 1993 Nov-Dec;34(6):1105-9. Yuksel A, Senocak D, Sozuer D, Keskin G, Dirican A, Cenani A, Yalcin E. Effects of carbamazepine and valproate on brainstem auditory evoked potentials in epileptic children. Childs Nerv Syst. 1995 Aug;11(8):474-7. I also notice some findings of drug-induced auditory disturbance and yawning 'Cocaine generated more abnormal behaviors in the brainstem perturbation group, especially the electrically perturbated subjects. The abnormal behaviors were yawning, retrocollis, hyperactivity, hypersensitivity, "beating drum" behavior, squealing, head bobbing, circling, sniffing, abnormal posturing, and facial twitching. [...] Hypersensitivity to various auditory, tactile, and visual stimulation was present and shifts in the brainstem ambient power spectral frequency occurred in response to tactile stimulation.' As yawning is under the control of several neurotransmitters and neuropeptides at the central level, is it possible that yawning-induced pitch shift can be explained in terms of neurochemistry? Any comment is much appreciated. Best, Chen-Gia Tsai ------------------ Post-doc. fellow Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan tsai_chen_gia(at)yahoo.com.tw -- _______________________________________________ Find what you are looking for with the Lycos Yellow Pages http://r.lycos.com/r/yp_emailfooter/http://yellowpages.lycos.com/default.asp?SRC=lycos10