There are 6 messages totalling 551 lines in this issue.
Topics of the day:
1. AUDITORY Digest - 15 Jul 2009 to 16 Jul 2009 (#2009-161)
2. frequency to mel formula (4)
3. Survey: music cognition courses
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Date: Thu, 16 Jul 2009 22:24:19 -0700
From: Margaret Mortz <migsmortz@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
Subject: Re: AUDITORY Digest - 15 Jul 2009 to 16 Jul 2009 (#2009-161)
You might go back to Steven's original work which I found in scholar.google=
.com
"The relation of pitch to frequency: A revised scale"
SS Stevens, J Volkmann - The American Journal of Psychology, 1940 - jstor.o=
rg
=A0 The 1940 article has 196 citations, and I believe there has been
tuning of the mapping over the years.
[The citations are at
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=3D13168086733343486057&hl=3Den&num=
=3D100]
There's another reference at
SS Stevens, J Volkmann, EB Newman - J. Acoust. Soc. Am, 1937
There's a later reference in Steven's book via google.books
Psychophysics
=A0By Stanley Smith Stevens, Geraldine Stevens
http://tinyurl.com/kkvpsd
or:
http://books.google.com/books?hl=3Den&lr=3D&id=3Dr5JOHlXX8bgC&oi=3Dfnd&pg=
=3DPR13&ots=3D4lcYLbTP9E&sig=3DmgminuGa_-Sv9_AqTLf4e3NXv4k
Margaret
<LISTSERV@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
AUDITORY Digest - 15 Jul 2009 to 16 Jul 2009 (#2009-161)
Table of contents:
frequency to mel formula (3)
Academic position in audiology
AUDITORY Digest - 14 Jul 2009 to 15 Jul 2009 (#2009-160)
frequency to mel formula
Re: frequency to mel formula (07/16)
From: Jon Boley <jdb@xxxxxxxxxx>
Re: frequency to mel formula (07/16)
From: "Ferguson, Sarah Hargus" <safergus@xxxxxx>
Re: frequency to mel formula (07/15)
From: "Richard F. Lyon" <DickLyon@xxxxxxx>
Academic position in audiology
Academic position in audiology (07/16)
From: Sylvie H=E9bert <sylvie.hebert@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
AUDITORY Digest - 14 Jul 2009 to 15 Jul 2009 (#2009-160)
Re: AUDITORY Digest - 14 Jul 2009 to 15 Jul 2009 (#2009-160) (07/16)
From: Douglas Creelman <creelman@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
________________________________
Browse the AUDITORY online archives.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2009 14:22:33 +0200
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?FARNER_Snorre_Balli=E8re?= <farner@xxxxxxxx>
Subject: Re: frequency to mel formula
Dear list,
I've had a look in JASA 1937 and can confirm that the paper
"A Scale for the Measurement of the Psychological Magnitude Pitch"
by S.S. Stevens, J. Volkmann, E.B. Newman, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol. 8
(1937), pp. 185-190
introduces "mel" as a unit for perceived pitch. The first occurence of
"mel" is accompanied by the foot note:
"The name 'mel' was chosen as a name for the subjective pitch unit. It
was taken from the root of the word melody."
There's no formula, but experimental data for perceived half-pitch
frequencies and a plot of mel vs. Hz. It deviates from the formula
later adopted. Merely judging from the title of the 1940 AJP paper
("The relation of pitch to frequency: A revised scale"), the latter
seems to be a better reference for the mel scale than the 1937 paper.
Best regards,
-Snorre Farner
On ven. 17 juil.09, at 07:24, Margaret Mortz wrote:
You might go back to Steven's original work which I found in
scholar.google.com
"The relation of pitch to frequency: A revised scale"
SS Stevens, J Volkmann - The American Journal of Psychology, 1940 -
jstor.org
The 1940 article has 196 citations, and I believe there has been
tuning of the mapping over the years.
[The citations are at
http://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=13168086733343486057&hl=en&num=100
]
There's another reference at
SS Stevens, J Volkmann, EB Newman - J. Acoust. Soc. Am, 1937
There's a later reference in Steven's book via google.books
Psychophysics
By Stanley Smith Stevens, Geraldine Stevens
http://tinyurl.com/kkvpsd
or:
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=r5JOHlXX8bgC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&ots=4lcYLbTP9E&sig=mgminuGa_-Sv9_AqTLf4e3NXv4k
Margaret
On jeu. 16 juil.09, at 16:27, Ferguson, Sarah Hargus wrote:
Following Jim's tips, I found the mel formula appears on p. 128 in the
2nd edition of O'Shaughnessy. It's dubbed formula 4.2, and reads m =
2595log(1+f/700). The full reference for the book is
O'Shaughnessy, D. (2000). Speech communications: Human and machine
(2nd
ed.). New York: IEEE Press.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Sarah Hargus Ferguson, Ph.D., CCC-A
Assistant Professor
Department of Speech-Language-Hearing: Sciences and Disorders
University of Kansas
Dole Center
1000 Sunnyside Ave., Room 3001
Lawrence, KS 66045
office: (785)864-1116
Speech Acoustics and Perception Lab: (785)864-0610
http://www.ku.edu/~splh/Faculty/FergusonBio.html
-----Original Message-----
From: AUDITORY - Research in Auditory Perception
[mailto:AUDITORY@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of James W. Beauchamp
Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 8:55 PM
To: AUDITORY@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: Re: frequency to mel formula
It would be good if someone could double check the O'Shaugnessy
reference, as given by Dan earlier today:
O'Shaughnessy, D. (1978) Speech communication: Human and machine.
Addison-Wesley, New York, page 150.
I think the title is actually Speech Communications: Human and
Machine.
In the archived message
http://www.auditory.org/mhonarc/2008/msg00189.html
Dan gives the date of the book as 1987, so I'm not sure which is
correct.
At any rate, it is possible to buy a second edition of the book, which
is
copyrighted 2000. However, when perusing the Contents and the Index it
looks like the page has changed. Pages for 'mel scale' in the Index
are
128, 191, and 214. I hope the formula made it.
Jim
Original message:
From: Dan Ellis <dpwe@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Date: Wed, 15 Jul 2009 15:55:25 -0400
To: AUDITORY@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: Re: [AUDITORY] frequency to mel formula
Comments: To: "James D. Miller" <jamdmill@xxxxxxxxxxx>
I'm not sure if this is worth discussing on the full list, but...
After the discussion last year I actually got a hold of the Beranek
1949 book from our library's cold storage, and the reference is
wrong.
In the book, Beranek gives empirical values for the Mel scale, but no
equation. Clearly, this reference got mangled somewhere along the
way: there may be a different early Beranek reference, but it isn't
this one.
I think Fant is the more appropriate reference (for log(1+f/1000))
and
O'Shaugnessy for log(1+f/700).
DAn.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2009 14:56:23 +0200
From: Guillaume Lemaitre <Guillaume.Lemaitre@xxxxxxxx>
Subject: Re: frequency to mel formula
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Dear list
Another lead: Malcom Slaney implemented mfcc calculations in the Matlab=20
Auditory Toolbox using a method that is different from the formulae=20
previously cited on the list. Once I compared his method to the formula=20
2595*log10(1+hz/700) and found little difference. Malcom may remember=20
where he devised the method from (I would bet from Rabiner's book?).
By the way, I found the log10(1+hz/700) formula in the following=20
conference paper:
@InProceedings{mol01,
author =3D "Sirko Molau and Michael Pitz and Ralf Schl=FCter and Hermann=
Ney",
title =3D "Computing Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients on the Power=20
Spectrum",
booktitle =3D {International Conference on Acoustic, Speech and Signal=
=20
Processing},
year =3D {2001},
address =3D {Salt Lake City, UT},
month =3D {June},
}
I don't currently have the paper at hand, but if someone could check,=20
they may cite their source.
Hope that it helps.
Best regards
Guillaume
--=20
-------------------------------------------------------------------------=
---
Guillaume Lemaitre, PhD
/
/
Equipe Perception et Design Sonores /
Sound Perception and Design Team
STMS-IRCAM-CNRS UMR 9912
1, place Igor Stravinsky F-75004 Paris - FRANCE
tel : (+33 1) 44.78.48.38
fax : (+33 1) 44.78.15.40
e-mail : lemaitre@xxxxxxxx
--------------------------------------=20
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<meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
Dear list<br>
Another lead: Malcom Slaney implemented mfcc calculations in the Matlab
Auditory Toolbox using a method that is different from the formulae
previously cited on the list. Once I compared his method to the formula
2595*log10(1+hz/700) and found little difference. Malcom may remember
where he devised the method from (I would bet from Rabiner's book?). <br>
<br>
By the way, I found the log10(1+hz/700) formula in the following
conference paper:<br>
@InProceedings{mol01,<br>
author = "Sirko Molau and Michael Pitz and Ralf Schlüter and Hermann
Ney",<br>
title = "Computing Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients on the Power
Spectrum",<br>
booktitle = {International Conference on Acoustic, Speech and Signal
Processing},<br>
year = {2001},<br>
address = {Salt Lake City, UT},<br>
month = {June},<br>
}<br>
I don't currently have the paper at hand, but if someone could check,
they may cite their source.<br>
Hope that it helps.<br>
Best regards<br>
Guillaume<br>
<br>
<br>
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p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px Helvetica}
</style>
<p class="p1">----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
</p>
Guillaume Lemaitre, PhD<br>
<p class="p1"><i><br>
</i></p>
<p class="p1">Equipe Perception et Design Sonores /</p>
<p class="p1">Sound Perception and Design Team<br>
</p>
<p class="p1"><br>
</p>
<p class="p1">STMS-IRCAM-CNRS UMR 9912<br>
</p>
<p class="p1">1, place Igor Stravinsky F-75004 Paris - FRANCE</p>
<p class="p1">tel<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>:
(+33 1) 44.78.48.38</p>
<p class="p1">fax : (+33 1) 44.78.15.40</p>
<p class="p1">e-mail<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>:
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:lemaitre@xxxxxxxx";>lemaitre@xxxxxxxx</a></p>
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------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2009 01:04:21 -0600
From: Julius Smith <jos@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Subject: Re: frequency to mel formula
Hi Jim,
Do you have a feel for why the mel scale is used instead of, say,
Bark or ERB scales?
Just curious,
Julius
At 11:11 AM 7/15/2009, James W. Beauchamp wrote:
Dear List,
On the Wikipedia page
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_frequency_scale
a formula for computing frequency in terms of mels is given as:
mel = log(1 + fr/700)*1127 .
It is easily inverted to fr = 700*exp(mel/1127 - 1) .
My question is: Where do these formulas come from? I.e., I need
a journal reference for these formulas.
Thanks much,
Jim Beauchamp
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
"Anybody who knows all about nothing knows everything" -- Leonard Susskind
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2009 10:00:26 -0400
From: Fred Herzfeld <herzfeld@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
Subject: frequency to mel formula
Guillaume and list,
Malcom's formula and the others are actually the same. He used [log base 10] instead of
[log base 2].
Fred
=============================================
Fred Herzfeld, MIT '54
78 Glynn Marsh Drive #59
Brunswick, Ga.31525
USA
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2009 14:07:44 -0800
From: Aniruddh Patel <apatel@xxxxxxx>
Subject: Survey: music cognition courses
--=====================_272854234==.ALT
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed
Dear List,
I'm trying to collect some information on music perception/cognition courses
being offered today.
If you are involved in teaching such a course, I'd like to invite
you to provide the information below **by July 27**. I will be collating
the info
and presenting it at the upcoming Society for Music Perception and Cognition
(SMPC) meeting, Aug 3-7, in Indianapolis, Indiana:
http://music.iupui.edu/smpc2009/
If you don't teach a course on this topic, but know a colleague who does,
please feel free to forward this message to him/her, even if he/she
is in a different department.
Thanks,
Ani Patel
President, SMPC
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Summer 2009 Music cognition course survey
Name of university
Location of university (City, State/Region, Country)
Name of course
Department/Program in which it is offered
Level (undergraduate, graduate)
Names and home departments of professor(s)
How old is the course (what year was it created)?
How often is it offered (e.g., yearly, every other year)?
What is the typical enrollment?
Has enrollment grown, shrunk, or remained the same in the past few
years?
In the latest class, did you use any books? If so, which ones?
Course website (if it exists)
If you can, please provide a one-sentence description of course aims.
Aniruddh D. Patel, Ph.D.
Esther J. Burnham Senior Fellow
The Neurosciences Institute
10640 John Jay Hopkins Drive
San Diego, CA 92121
858-626-2085 tel
858-626-2099 fax
apatel@xxxxxxx
http://www.nsi.edu/users/patel
--=====================_272854234==.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"
<html>
<body>
Dear List,<br><br>
I'm trying to collect some information on music perception/cognition
courses<br>
being offered today.<br><br>
If you are involved in teaching such a course, I'd like to invite<br>
you to provide the information below **by July 27**. I will be
collating the info<br>
and presenting it at the upcoming Society for Music Perception and
Cognition<br>
(SMPC) meeting, Aug 3-7, in Indianapolis, Indiana:<br><br>
<a href="http://music.iupui.edu/smpc2009/"; eudora="autourl">http://music.iupui.edu/smpc2009/</a><br><br>
If you don't teach a course on this topic, but know a colleague who
does,<br>
please feel free to forward this message to him/her, even if he/she<br>
is in a different department.<br><br>
Thanks,<br><br>
Ani Patel<br>
President, SMPC<br><br>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
Summer 2009 Music cognition course survey<br><br>
<pre>Name of university
Location of university (City, State/Region, Country)
Name of course
Department/Program in which it is offered
Level (undergraduate, graduate)
Names and home departments of professor(s)
How old is the course (what year was it created)?
How often is it offered (e.g., yearly, every other year)?
What is the typical enrollment?
Has enrollment grown, shrunk, or remained the same in the past few
years?
In the latest class, did you use any books? If so, which ones?
Course website (if it exists)
If you can, please provide a one-sentence description of course aims.
</pre><x-sigsep><p></x-sigsep>
Aniruddh D. Patel, Ph.D.<br>
Esther J. Burnham Senior Fellow<br>
The Neurosciences Institute<br>
10640 John Jay Hopkins Drive<br>
San Diego, CA 92121<br><br>
858-626-2085 tel<br>
858-626-2099 fax<br>
apatel@xxxxxxx<br>
<a href="http://www.nsi.edu/users/patel"; eudora="autourl">http://www.nsi.edu/users/patel<br>
</a></body>
</html>
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End of AUDITORY Digest - 16 Jul 2009 to 17 Jul 2009 (#2009-162)
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